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Transcription and Translation

What Is the Difference Between Transcription and Translation?

Many people confuse transcription with translation, especially when they hear these terms in professional settings like law, business, or education. While both involve words, meaning, and accuracy, the difference between the two is significant.

If you’re a person working with legal documents, attending legal proceedings, or handling international clients, knowing which service you need can save you time, money, and effort. This article will explain each term, show real-world uses, and explore how they work in the legal field — where legal transcription plays a vital role.

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Table of Contents

What Is a Virtual Legal Assistant?

Both paralegals and legal assistants support attorneys, but their roles are not the same. While there is some overlap in legal support functions, the difference lies in the scope of work, training, and job focus.

What Is Transcription?

Transcription is the process of converting spoken audio into written text. You start with an audio file and end with a transcribed version in the same language. This skill requires excellent grammar, a strong ear for detail, and the ability to capture words accurately. Applicants interested in transcription roles are often required to demonstrate their skills and interest in the field, typically by completing an initiation test as part of the application process.

Types of Transcription

  • Verbatim Transcription – Every word, pause, and filler is transcribed, often for legal transcription in legal proceedings.
  • Clean Transcription – Edited for readability without changing meaning.
  • Intelligent Transcription – Summarizes speech for clarity.

A Legal Transcriptionist with prior transcription experience often works as an independent contractor, using a high speed internet connection to receive audio files from attorneys or clients, then completing and sending transcripts back.

What Is Translation?

Translation is the process of taking written text in one language and rewriting it in another, keeping the meaning and tone intact. You don’t work with audio; you work with text. Translators need fluency in both languages, cultural sensitivity, and sometimes specialized knowledge in terminology.

For example, translating legal documents requires precise accuracy so they hold up in legal proceedings. The job demands more than just knowing words — it requires understanding context and research skills.

Key Differences: Transcription vs Translation

Aspect
Transcription
Translation

Input

Audio file or video

Written text

Output

Transcripts in the same language

Written text in different languages

Goal

Capture exact speech

Convey meaning in a new language

Skills Required

Listening, typing, and excellent grammar

Cultural knowledge, research skills

Tools

Audio players, text editors

Translation software, dictionaries

Typical Uses

Legal transcription, podcasts, interviews

Contracts, legal documentation, subtitles

Tools and Software for Transcription and Translation

Accurate legal transcription relies on more than just a good ear and fast typing—it requires the right tools and software to handle the demands of legal proceedings and complex terminology. For independent contractors and legal transcriptionists, having a high-speed internet connection is essential for receiving and sending large MP3 files to attorneys and clients quickly and securely.

Why the Distinction Matters in Legal Transcription

If a client sends an audio for translation, the translator can’t start until it’s transcribed. This is common in legal transcription workflows, where independent contractors first produce a transcript before a translator works with it.

Mistakes in legal transcription can damage accuracy and lead to problems in court. The ability to deliver flawless transcripts is critical, especially when review by legal teams is involved. Ensuring the completion of legal transcription projects with accuracy and reliability is essential to meet legal standards and deadlines.

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Real-World Examples Using Legal Terminology

“A transcript captures exactly what was said. A translation captures what was meant.”

Example 1:
A person working on a job for a law firm receives an MP3 file of witness testimony. They transcribe it verbatim (legal transcription) and send it for review. Later, it’s translated into Spanish for international use.

Example 2:
A business podcast host hires an independent contractor to transcribe episodes for accessibility. Then, another independent contractor translates them into multiple languages.

Market Insights & Statistics

To show the scale of these industries:

  • The global business transcription market is estimated to be worth about US$3.01 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a 12.2 % CAGR, reaching US$9.51 billion by 2034. This includes significant demand from legal proceedings, corporate, and healthcare sectors.
  • Meanwhile, the translation services market reached approximately US$24.79 billion in 2024, up from US$23.81 billion in 2023, and is expected to grow to US$29.85 billion by 2028 at a steady 4.8 % CAGR.

These figures highlight how both transcription and translation services are thriving, yet distinct markets, each driven by specific professional needs.

Global Business Transcription vs Translation Market Growth

The global business transcription market is estimated to be worth about US$3.01 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a 12.2 % CAGR, reaching US$9.51 billion by 2034. This includes significant demand from legal proceedings, corporate, and healthcare sectors.

Meanwhile, the translation services market reached approximately US$24.79 billion in 2024, up from US$23.81 billion in 2023, and is expected to grow to US$29.85 billion by 2028 at a steady 4.8 % CAGR.

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Source: https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2024/04/08/2859060/0/en/Business-Transcription-Market-to-Grow-at-a-12-2-CAGR-Surpassing-US-9-51-Billion-by-2034-Fact-MR-Study.html

Special Focus: Legal Transcription in the Legal Field

In law, accuracy is everything. A Legal Transcriptionist ensures that spoken evidence in legal proceedings is transcribed word-for-word. These transcripts may later be translated for cross-border cases.

The job requires:

  • Prior experience or prior legal transcription experience
  • Excellent grammar and spelling
  • Strong ability to focus for long periods
  • A high-speed internet connection for delivering work to clients
  • Knowledge of legal research and terminology

Tips for Choosing Between Transcription and Translation

  • If you have MP or video in one language and need text, choose transcription.
  • If you have text and need it in another language, choose translation.
  • If you have audio in one language and need text in another, you’ll need to transcribe first, then translate.

Conclusion

The key difference is simple:

  • Transcription = Speech → Text (same language)
  • Translation = Text → Text (different languages)

If your job involves legal documentation, legal research, or legal proceedings, you may work with both — starting with legal transcription to create accurate transcripts, then translating them. Whether you’re a person seeking work as an independent contractor or a business hiring one, the right ability, tools, and workflow ensure accuracy and successful completion of every task.

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